狗
The Dog
老舍
Lao She
| 译文摘自张培基《英译中国散文选二》
中国狗恐怕是世界上最可怜最难看的狗。此处之难看并不指狗种而言，而是与可怜密切有关。无论狗的模样身材怎么样，只须喂养得好，它便会长得肥肥胖胖的，看着顺眼。中国人穷。人且吃不饱，狗就更提不到了。因此，中国狗最难看；不是由于它长得不体面，而是由于它瘦骨嶙峋，终年夹着尾巴。
Of all dogs in the world, those in China are perhaps the most pitiful and ugly-looking. But it is their wretched life rather than their breed that is to blame for their ugliness. All dogs, if well-fed, will be plump and nice-looking irrespective of their bodily form. In poverty-striken China, people dont even have enough to feed themselves, let alone dogs. Chinese dogs are ugly-looking not because they are born like that, but because theyve been reduced to skin and bones by hunger, with tails between their legs all the year round.
要素：
1， plump表示胖乎乎的，之前说过这种小词在文学翻译中灰常常用，譬如各种走各种跑各种哭各种笑都是需要积累的~
2， 中国人穷。人且吃不饱，狗就更提不到了即在贫穷的中国，人尚且吃不饱，更别提狗了译为In poverty-striken China, people dont even have enough to feed themselves, let alone dogs. let alone 作更别提更不必说解，之前大家也有过概要，表相赞同思的还有much less, still much, not to mention
3， 而是由于它瘦骨嶙峋，终年夹着尾巴译为but because theyve been reduced to skin and bones by hunger, with tails between their legs all the year round.其中by hunger 是增益成分。夹着尾巴译为with tails between their legs all
综述：从上一段可以看出，老舍这篇杂文语言简洁质朴，句式较为简单，童鞋们注意选词依然要体现文学性~
每逢我看见被丢弃的小野狗在街上探寻粪吃，我便要落泪。我并不是是爱作伤感的人，动不动就要哭一鼻子。我看见小狗的可怜，也就是感到人民的贫穷。民富而后猫狗肥。
I always feel like crying whenever I see a homeless little dog roaming about the street in search of human excrement. It doesnt mean that Im a sentimental, lachrymose sort. Its because I associate the misery of the little dog with the poverty of our people. Our cats and dogs will never get nice fat unless our people are well-off.
要素：
1，我并不是是爱作伤感的人，动不动就要哭一鼻子即我并不是是伤感爱哭的人译为It doesnt mean that Im a sentimental, lachrymose sort，lachrymose的意思为爱哭的，sort意为某一种人，等于sort of person.爱哭的译为后置定语（which is）easily moved to tears也可
2，我看见小狗的可怜，也就是感到人民的贫穷。即我将小狗的悲惨同人民大家的贫穷联系在了一块译为Its because I associate the misery of the little dog with the poverty of our people
3，民富而后猫狗肥。即只有人民富裕了，猫狗才会茁壮成长，只有才的译法有非常多种，此处译者译为Our cats and dogs will never get nice fat unless our people are well-off.较only when愈加简洁~
中国人动不动就说：大家地大物博。那也就是说，大家不需要着急呀，大家有些是东西，永远吃不完喝不尽哪！
We are apt to declare that ours is a big country with rich natural resources, meaning that there is no need for us to worry because we have plenty of everything to last us forever and ever. Well, why not take a look at our dogs!
要素：
1，动不动就说即常常说，译为be apt to declare
2，地大物博译为a big country with rich natural resources
3，哼，请看你们的狗吧！译为Well, why not take a look at our dogs!将感叹句译为反问句，可以增强语气
综述：以上两段有不少口语化的表述，注意译者是怎么样处置的
还有：狗虽那样摸不着吃，那样随意就让人踢两脚，打两棍，可是它们还照旧的替大家服务。尽管它们饿成皮包着骨，尽管它们刚被主人踹了两脚，它们还是极忠诚的去尽看门守夜的责任，狗永远不嫌主人穷。如此的动物理应得到大家的赞美，而忠诚、义气、安贫、勇敢，等等好字眼都该归之于狗。可是，我不知道为何中国人不分黑白的把汉奸与小人叫作走狗，倒仿佛狗是不忠诚不义气的动物。我为狗喊冤叫屈！猫才是美味懒作，有肉即来，无食即去的东西。洋奴与小人理应被叫作走猫。
Dogs always remain mans faithful servants though they are underfed and kicked and beaten without any reason. A dog continues to perform with loyal devotion the duty of guarding the door and keeping watch at night though he has been starved to a skeleton and kicked at by his master. He never minds how poor his master is. Such an animal deserves our high praise. We should attribute to them such laudatory epithets as devotion, loyalty, content with poverty, courage, etc. But I wonder why we have been undiscriminatingly calling traitors and villains running dogs, as if dogs were disloyal and unfaithful animals. I should voice grievances for them!Cats, however, are greedy and lazy. They come to you when you have meat to offer, but otherwise leave you. Flunkeys of imperialism and mean persons should have been called running cats.
要素：
1，随意译为without any reason
2,饿成皮包着骨译为been starved to a skeleton，和前面的 reduced to skin and bones by hunger同义
3，狗永远不嫌主人穷可译为He never minds how poor his master is。嫌弃还可以参考语境译为complain~
4,如此的动物理应得到大家的赞美译为Such an animal deserves our high praise，或者earn out high commendation
5, 我为狗喊冤叫屈可译为I should voice grievances for them，喊冤叫屈还可译为cry out about one's grievances
6，有肉即来，无食即去即译为They come to you when you have meat to offer, but otherwise leave you.用otherwise代替已知状况，是省略状况的一种~
或者是由于狗的脾气好，不像猫那样傲慢，所以中国人不说走猫而说走狗？假若真是那样，我就又感觉大家未免有点软的欺，硬的怕了！
不过，或许有一种狗，学名叫作走狗；那我还不大了解。
Perhaps the reason why we prefer to say running dogs rather than running cats is that dogs are good-tempered while cats are supercilious. If so, I would think that people are perhaps inclined to bully the weak and fear the strong.Maybe there is a kind of dog whose scientific name is running dog. Im not quite sure.
要素：
1，欺软的，怕硬的即欺软怕硬，采取分拆译法译为bully the weak and fear the strong
综述：老舍的文章句式都不是非常复杂，重点注意其口语化表达的翻译办法。
